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New Hampshire · 401k state-tax

401(k) and retirement accounts in New Hampshire: state deduction and Roth considerations

Pre-tax 401(k) contributions give no state-level deduction in New Hampshire (there's no state income tax to reduce), which tilts the calculus toward Roth 401(k) more than in high-tax states.

What New Hampshire residents actually pay

New Hampshire has no state income tax on wages. That removes a layer — but federal AMT, federal capital gains, and the 3.8% Net Investment Income Tax still apply, and a prior state may still have a claim.

No wage-income tax; interest & dividends tax phasing out.

Traditional 401(k) in New Hampshire

A pre-tax 401(k) contribution reduces federal taxable income today but not state (there's no state income tax in New Hampshire). At retirement, withdrawals are federal-taxed only if you still live here. If you move to a high-tax state before drawing down, you pay that state's rate on every dollar.

Roth 401(k) breakeven

Roth 401(k) contributions are taxed at today's rates; withdrawals are tax-free. The Roth choice beats traditional when your retirement bracket is higher than your contribution bracket. For equity earners in high-income years, traditional is usually right during big RSU years and Roth is right during low-income transition years.

Mega-backdoor Roth

After-tax 401(k) contributions above the standard $23,500 limit can be converted to Roth in plans that allow it. For high earners in New Hampshire, this is the largest tax-advantaged bucket available after the primary 401(k) and IRA caps. Check whether your plan allows after-tax contributions and in-plan Roth conversions.

Frequently asked

Does New Hampshire tax RSU income the same as wages?
New Hampshire has no state income tax on wages, so RSU ordinary income is federal-only. Note that Washington residents still owe the 7% state long-term capital gains tax on sales above the threshold, and other states may claw back some income if your grant pre-dated your move.
What happens if I exercise ISOs while living in New Hampshire?
New Hampshire does not run a separate state AMT, so only federal AMT applies. You still need to model the bargain element carefully if you plan a cashless exercise-and-sell.
I moved to New Hampshire from another state. Who taxes my vesting RSUs?
Most high-tax states (CA, NY, MA) source RSU ordinary income to workdays between grant and vest. If your grant pre-dates your New Hampshire move, expect the old state to tax the portion of each tranche attributable to workdays earned there. New Hampshire taxes the remainder.
Can I reduce New Hampshire taxes by timing my RSU sales?
New Hampshire has no state income tax, so sale timing affects only your federal bill. NIIT and federal capital-gains brackets are still in play.

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